The rectus abdominis muscle constitutes the external surface of the abdominal wall, extending from the sternum to the pubic bone. The two muscle layers (right and left) are joined by a flexible connective tissue known as the linea alba.When diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle occurs, the two muscle bellies separate laterally. As they move away from their normal anatomical position, the connective tissue stretches, causing the muscle to become thinner and weaker. As a result, the abdominal wall protrudes, mimicking the appearance of a hernia, and may lead to additional functional problems beyond aesthetic concerns.
Causes of Diastasis of the Rectus Abdominis Muscle
Diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle can result from various factors or conditions, the most common of which include:
- Pregnancy
- Obesity
- Previous abdominal surgery
- Improper exercise technique
Complications Caused by Diastasis of the Rectus Abdominis Muscle
When diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles occurs, the abdomen typically protrudes in a manner similar to that observed in abdominal hernias. Beyond the evident aesthetic deformity, this condition may lead to a variety of functional problems, including:
- Low back pain (lumbago)
- Musculoskeletal dysfunction
- Pelvic floor dysfunction
- Development of abdominal wall hernias
- Postural abnormalities
Management of Diastasis of the Rectus Abdominis Muscle
Diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles is most effectively managed through surgical intervention. During the procedure, the separated rectus muscles are sutured and repositioned to restore their anatomical alignment. In more severe cases, reinforcement with a surgical mesh may be required to enhance the structural integrity of the abdominal wall.In mild cases, a targeted physiotherapy program focusing on specific abdominal and core strengthening exercises can help reduce the separation and improve functional stability.
Surgical repair of rectus abdominis diastasis is almost always combined with abdominoplasty, as significant skin laxity of the anterior abdominal wall is commonly present.
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